Barista Magazine

APR-MAY 2016

Serving People Serving Coffee Since 2005

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87 www.baristamagazine.com T r a d i t i o n a l A m e r i c a n c o f f e e s Traditional American coffees These varieties are the mostly widely grown around the world, but they are the most genetically constricted. They are descendent from just a handful of coffee plants brought to the new world from Yemen along colonial trade routes. B o u r b o n Bourbon Caturra, Villa Sarchi, and Pacas (all natural mutations of Bourbon discovered in Brazil, Costa Rica, and El Salvador respectively. The mutation is a sin- gle-gene mutation that causes the plant to grow more compactly than Bourbon) Tekisic (a selection of Bourbon made in El Salvador, is considered the best "standard" for Bourbon in Central America) Typica (also called Jamaica Blue Mountain in Jamaica) Magarogipe (a natural mutation of Typica discovered in Brazil) Kent (a selection of Typica first made in India, and known as K7 in Kenya) Mundo Novo (a natural hybrid of Bourbon and Typica discovered in Brazil) Catuai (a high-yielding cross between Mundo Novo and Caturra) E t h i o p i a n l a n d r a c e s Ethiopian landraces This group of varieties contains the largest genetic diversity of any group because the varieties evolved in coffee's "center of origin." Few Ethiopian landrace coffees grow outside Ethiopia. Gesha (the most widely known Ethiopian wild-type coffee) Java " I n t r o g r e s s e d " "Introgressed" This group of varieties contains Robusta genetics. One of the parents or grandparents of each variety was a naturally occurring hybrid between Arabica and Robusta, which occurred in the island of Timor Leste in the 1920s. The resulting coffee was recognized for having resistance to coffee-leaf rust. Starting in the 1960s, Timor Hybrid was used to create many new leaf-rust resistant varieties, often referred to as Catimors and Sarchimors. "Catimors" (Timor Hybrid x Caturra) Catisic Costa Rica 95 Lempira "Sarchimors" (Timor Hybrid x Villa Sarchi) T5296 Cuscatleco (Selection of T5296) Parain ema (Selection of T5296) IAPAR 59 Marsallesa Obata (Vermelho) F 1 h y b r i d s F1 hybrids These are newer varieties created by intentionally hybridizing (crossing) distinct varieties. Many of them have a wild Ethiopian variety as one parent, which means as a group they generally have higher genetic diversity than others. Casiopea , also called EC18 (Caturra x wild accession "ET41") CentroAmerica, also called H1 (T5296 x Rume Sudan) —Compiled by Hanna Neuschwander SUBSCRIBE TODAY! DON't MISS AN ISSUE! www.baristamagazine.com

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